![]() ![]() Tamils constitute 5.9% of the population in India (concentrated mainly in Tamil Nadu and Puducherry), 15% in Sri Lanka (excluding Sri Lankan Moors), 7% in Malaysia, and 5% in Singapore.įrom the 4th century BC, urbanisation and mercantile activity along the western and eastern coasts of Tamilakam what is today Kerala and Tamil Nadu led to the development of four large Tamil empires, the Cheras, Cholas, Pandyas, and Pallavas and a number of smaller states, all of whom were warring amongst themselves for dominance. People who speak Tamil and are born in Tamil clans are considered Tamils. ISBN 9788122411980.The Tamil people, also known as Tamilar ( Tamil: தமிழர், romanized: Tamiḻar, pronounced in the singular or தமிழர்கள், Tamiḻarkaḷ, in the plural), Tamilians, or simply Tamils ( / ˈ t ɑː m ɪ l s/), are a Dravidian ethno-linguistic group who natively speak Tamil and trace their ancestry mainly to India’s southern state of Tamil Nadu, the union territory of Puducherry, and to Sri Lanka. Ancient Indian History and Civilization (Second ed.). "Prince ILango Adigal, Shilappadikaram (The anklet Bracelet), translated by Alain Damelou. madras: International Society For The Investigation of Ancient Civilisations. Musical Tradition Of Tamilnadu (1st ed.). ^ a b c d e f g Daniélou, Alain (11 February 2003).The smile of Murugan on Tamil literature of South India. ^ "Women, Transition, and Change: A Study of the Impact of Conflict and Displacement on Women in Traditional Tamil Society"."Chera, Chola, Pandya: using archaeological evidence to identify the Tamil kingdoms of early historic South India". Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism: Its Origins and Development in 19th and 20th Centuries. "Carbon dating confirms Keeladi 3 centuries older". Social and Cultural History of Ancient India. "Keezhadi excavations: Sangam era older than previously thought, finds study". The period between 600 BC to 300 AD, Tamilakam was ruled by the three Tamil dynasties of Pandya, Chola and Chera, and a few independent chieftains, the Velir.Ĥ440 years (from 9600 BC to 5200 BC)Ĭovers entire corpus of Sangam Literature The evidence on the early history of the Tamil kingdoms consists of the epigraphs of the region, the Sangam literature, and archaeological data. The Sangam literature is thought to have been produced in three Sangam academies of each period. ![]() It is also called the last Sangam period ( Tamil: கடைச்சங்க பருவம், Kadaiccanga paruvam), or third Sangam period ( Tamil: மூன்றாம் சங்க பருவம், Mūnṟām sanka paruvam). Historians use the term Sangam period to refer the last of these, with the first two being legendary. See also: First Sangam, Second Sangam, and Third SangamĪccording to Tamil legends, there were three Sangam periods, namely Head Sangam, Middle Sangam and Last Sangam period. 18) referred to the whole of the ancient Tamil-speaking area, corresponding roughly to the area known as southern India today, consisting of the territories of the present-day Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, parts of Andhra Pradesh, parts of Karnataka and northern Sri Lanka also known as Eelam. In Old Tamil language, the term Tamilakam ( Tamiḻakam, Purananuru 168. It was named after the legendary Sangam academies of poets and scholars centered in the city of Madurai which are believed to be mythical The Sangam period or age ( Tamil: சங்ககாலம், caṅkakālam, Malayalam: സംഘകാലം, saṅkakālam), particularly referring to the third Sangam period, is the period of the history of ancient Tamil Nadu, Kerala and parts of Sri Lanka (then known as Tamilakam) dating back to c.6th century BC. Keezhadi excavation site, Kodumanal, Arikamedu, Murugan Temple, Saluvankuppam, Adichanallur Sangam Age, Third Sangam period, Last Sangam period Tamilakam, located in the tip of South India during the Sangam Period, ruled by Chera dynasty, Chola dynasty and the Pandyan dynasty ![]()
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